# Javascript Basics: 1. Variables, and Data Types

# 1. Variables

A variable is a container or a coding box that is used for storage of user Information
Like a real life box, Variables store different types of things or data.
In computer programming we have different types of Data which are called Data types

# 2. Data Types
Data types are the types of information that are stored in **Variables**
In Javascript there are 5 data types
1.Strings
2.Numbers 
3.Booleans 
4.Undefined
5.null


**Strings:** In computer programming, a string is traditionally a sequence of characters
meaning: Alphanumeric set of characters.
in javascript strings are written like this:

```
// a variable must be defined with a name and a value unless the type is 'Undefined'
var myvar = "This is a string 12345"
``` 
if you want to see the output of your code do this:
**Variable names should not contain: Spaces or Numbers
They can only contain laetters and underscores**

```
var myvar = "This is a string 12345"
/*console.log()is a function that will take the output of whatever is passed in between the parentheses() you can either pass a variable or directly
pass a strince like this console.log("My string")*/
console.log(myvar)
// run this code on your browser or IDE whichever is preffered

``` 
**Numbers**
This is a variable of both Whole and Decimal numbers


```
// whole numbers
var mynum = 2
//decimal numbers
var mynum = 2.4
``` 
**Booleans**
In JavaScript, a Boolean value is one that can either be TRUE or FALSE.

```

var myBool = true
// give your variables more user friendly names like:
var isTrue = true
var isFalse = false
``` 
**Undefined and Null** 
Undefined variables are empty variables that are not being used and have no datatype
like:

```
//if undefined variables are put into the console they would just return the value 'undefined'
var myvar = undefined
``` 

Null Variables are variables that return the type 'Null' which means 'Empty'

```
var myvar = null
``` 



**Variable content can be changed overtime**
example:

```
var myvar = 2

myvar = 6

console.log(myvar)
//the output would be "6"
``` 


# Objects
In JavaScript, an object is a standalone entity, with properties and type. Compare it with a cup, for example. A cup is an object, with properties. A cup has a color, a design, weight, a material it is made of, etc. The same way, JavaScript objects can have properties, which define their characteristics.


```
var myvar = {var1: "this is a variable"
var2: "this is another variable"}
// in objects you can store other variables in a=that variable and you can access them like this
myvar.var1
```